哥 林 多 前 书 10:31 [hgb]  所 以 你 们 或 吃 或 喝 , 无 论 作 什 么 , 都 要 为 荣 耀 神 而 行 。

1 Corinthians 10:31 [kjv]  Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do, do all to the glory of God.


 LEBHI 10    Fruit

                   水果类 

LEBHI 10-6  Yellow Lemon

                       黄柠檬

柠檬食材简介

 

柠檬(Citrus limon)是芸香科柑桔属的常绿小乔木,原产东南亚,现主要产地为美国、意大利、西班牙和希腊。主要为榨汁用,有时也用做烹饪调料,但基本不用作鲜食。柠檬由阿拉伯人带往欧洲,古希腊、古罗马的文献中均无记载,15世纪时才在意大利热那亚开始种植,1494年在亚速尔群岛出现,富含维生素C。

 

营养价值

 

柠檬含有烟酸和丰富的有机酸,其味极酸。柠檬酸汁有很强的杀菌作用,对食品卫生很有好处。实验显示,酸度极强的柠檬汁在15分钟内可把海生贝壳内所有的细菌杀死。

柠檬富有香气,能解除肉类、水产的腥膻之气,并能使肉质更加细嫩。柠檬还能促进胃中蛋白分解酶的分泌,增加胃肠蠕动。因此,柠檬在西方人日常生活中,经常被用来制作冷盘凉菜及腌食等。

柠檬汁中含有大量柠檬酸盐,能够抑制钙盐结晶,从而阻止肾结石形成,甚至已成之结石也可被溶解掉。所以食用柠檬能防治肾结石,使部分慢性肾结石患者的结石减少、变少。

吃柠檬还可以防治心血管疾病,使缓解钙离子促使血液凝固的作用,可预防和治疗高血压和心肌梗死。柠檬酸有收缩、增固毛细血管,降低通透性,提高凝血功能及血小板数量的作用,可缩短凝血时间和出血时间31%-71%,具有止血作用。

鲜柠檬维生素含量极为丰富,是美容的天然佳品,能防止和消除皮肤色素沉着,具有美白作用。此外,柠檬生食还具有良好的安胎止呕作用。因此柠檬是适合女性的水果。

 

食用功效

 

1、生津解暑开胃:柠檬果皮富含芳香挥发成分,可以生津解暑,开胃醒脾。

2、预防心血管疾病:柠檬富含维生素C和维生素P,能增强血管弹性和韧性,可预防和治疗高血压和心肌梗塞症状。

3、清热化痰:柠檬也能袪痰。

4、抗菌消炎:柠檬富含维生素C,具有抗菌消炎、增强人体免疫力等多种功效。

5、美容果:柠檬具有很强的抗氧化作用,对促进肌肤的新陈代谢、延缓衰老及抑制色素沉着等十分有效。

适用人群

 

一般人群均可食用。尤适宜暑热口干烦躁、消化不良者,维生素C缺乏者,胎动不安的孕妇,肾结石患者,高血压、心肌梗死者。

 

禁忌人群

 

胃溃疡、胃酸分泌过多,患有龋齿者和糖尿病患者慎食。

 

选购技巧

 

1、柠檬分有核和无核两种。柠檬的果核有一股涩味,因此,泡果茶和制作干柠檬片,尽量选择无核品种。柠檬根据皮的厚薄,也分厚皮和薄皮两大类。柠檬皮有一股涩味,柠檬的清香味也在皮里,皮里有效养生保健成分也不少。如果难以忍受涩味,则要选择皮薄的品种了。

2、挑选柠檬的时候,要注意观察果皮表面,形状正常、表面光滑、色泽均匀的才是优质的;那种带有斑点、疮痂、畸形的果体,很可能是受到过病虫害或是外伤,这种水果不但营养成分受损,还可能含有对人体健康有害的物质。

3、有的柠檬由于采摘晚了,或是存储时间久了,会失水严重。有的柠檬是谁后外表能看出来,有的则看不出金玉其外败絮其中。柠檬一旦失水严重,苦涩味就会加剧,因此,在选购柠檬的时候,可以用手稍稍捏一下柠檬,看看果体的弹性是否足,弹性不足的可能会存在失水的情况。

4、商场和超市等地方的柠檬,基本都是经过挑选的,个头都差不多。而果农挑出来卖的,或是自己去果园摘,则需要注意挑选个头了,尽量选择中等以上个头的,个头偏小的不要选,那种过于苦涩。

Introduction to lemon ingredients

 

Lemon (Citrus limon) is an evergreen small tree of the genus Citrus of the Rutaceae family, native to Southeast Asia, and now mainly produced in the United States, Italy, Spain and Greece. It is mainly used for juicing, and sometimes used as cooking seasoning, but it is basically not used for fresh food. Lemons were brought to Europe by Arabs. There is no record in ancient Greek and Roman literature. It was only cultivated in Genoa, Italy in the 15th century, and appeared in the Azores in 1494. It is rich in vitamin C.

 

nutritional value

 

Lemons are rich in niacin and organic acids, and their taste is extremely sour. Lemon juice has a strong bactericidal effect and is very good for food hygiene. Experiments have shown that highly acidic lemon juice can kill all bacteria in marine shells within 15 minutes.

Lemon is rich in aroma, can relieve the fishy smell of meat and aquatic products, and make the meat more tender. Lemon can also promote the secretion of proteolytic enzymes in the stomach and increase gastrointestinal motility. Therefore, lemons are often used to make cold dishes and pickles in the daily life of Westerners.

Lemon juice contains a lot of citrate, which can inhibit the crystallization of calcium salts, thereby preventing the formation of kidney stones, and even the formed stones can be dissolved. Therefore, eating lemon can prevent and treat kidney stones, and reduce the number of stones in some patients with chronic kidney stones.

Eating lemon can also prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases, relieve the effect of calcium ions to promote blood coagulation, and prevent and treat hypertension and myocardial infarction. Citric acid can shrink and strengthen capillaries, reduce permeability, improve coagulation function and platelet count, shorten coagulation time and bleeding time by 31%-71%, and has hemostatic effect.

The vitamin content of fresh lemon is extremely rich, and it is a natural beauty product. It can prevent and eliminate skin pigmentation and has a whitening effect. In addition, lemon raw food also has a good effect of tocolytic and antiemetic. So lemon is a fruit suitable for women.

 

Edible effect

 

1. Relieves summer heat and appetizers: Lemon peel is rich in aromatic volatile components, which can produce body fluid and relieve summer heat, appetizing and refreshing the spleen.

2. Prevention of cardiovascular disease: Lemon is rich in vitamin C and vitamin P, which can enhance the elasticity and toughness of blood vessels, and can prevent and treat hypertension and myocardial infarction symptoms.

3. Clearing away heat and resolving phlegm: Lemon can also remove phlegm.

4. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory: Lemon is rich in vitamin C, which has many functions such as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, and enhancing human immunity.

5. Beauty fruit: Lemon has a strong antioxidant effect, which is very effective in promoting skin metabolism, delaying aging and inhibiting pigmentation.

For people

 

suitable for majority of the people. It is especially suitable for those with dry mouth, irritability, indigestion, vitamin C deficiency, pregnant women with restless fetal movement, patients with kidney stones, hypertension and myocardial infarction.

 

Taboo crowd

 

Stomach ulcers, excessive gastric acid secretion, patients with dental caries and diabetes should be careful.

 

Buying skills

 

1. Lemons are divided into two types: seeded and seedless. The pit of lemon has an astringent taste, so when making fruit tea and making dried lemon slices, try to choose seedless varieties. According to the thickness of the skin, lemons are also divided into two categories: thick-skinned and thin-skinned. The peel of lemon has an astringent taste, and the fragrance of lemon is also in the peel, and there are many effective health care ingredients in the peel. If the astringency is unbearable, choose a thin-skinned variety.

2. When choosing lemons, pay attention to the surface of the peel. The ones with normal shape, smooth surface and uniform color are high-quality ones; those with spots, scabs, and deformities are likely to have been damaged by pests or injuries. Not only is this fruit damaged in nutrients, it may also contain substances that are harmful to human health.

3. Some lemons will lose water seriously because they are picked late or stored for a long time. Some lemons can be seen from the outside, while others cannot be seen from the outside. Once the water loss of lemon is serious, the bitterness and astringency will increase. Therefore, when purchasing lemons, you can pinch the lemon a little with your hand to see if the elasticity of the fruit body is sufficient. If the elasticity is insufficient, there may be a situation of water loss.

4. The lemons in shopping malls and supermarkets are basically selected, and they are similar in size. As for the fruit farmers choose to sell, or pick them from the orchard, they need to pay attention to the size of the fruit. Try to choose a medium or above, and do not choose a small one, which is too bitter.



柠檬的营养成分列表

[ 每100克的营养成分含量 ]

 

基本营养

能量 37 千卡

蛋白质 1.1 克

脂肪 1.2 克

碳水化合物 6.2 克

粗纤维 1.3 克

 

脂类

单不饱和脂肪酸 0.011 克

多不饱和脂肪酸 0.089 克

多不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例 64 %

反式脂肪酸 克

反式脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例 %

胆固醇 毫克

植物固醇 毫克

胡萝卜素 4 微克

叶黄素类 31 微克

番茄红素 微克

 

矿物质

钙 101 毫克

镁 37 毫克

钠 1.1 毫克

钾 209 毫克

磷 22 毫克

硫 0.01 毫克

氯 1.7 毫克

铁 0.8 毫克

碘 微克

锌 0.65 毫克

硒 0.5 微克

铜 0.14 毫克

锰 0.05 毫克

氟 微克

 

维生素

维生素A 6.6 微克

维生素C 22 毫克

维生素D 微克

维生素E 1.14 毫克

维生素K 微克

维生素P(类黄酮) 54.3 毫克

维生素B1(硫胺素) 0.05 毫克

维生素B2(核黄素) 0.02 毫克

维生素B3(烟酸) 0.6 毫克

维生素B4(胆碱) 5.1 毫克

维生素B5(泛酸) 0.19 毫克

维生素B6 0.08 毫克

维生素B7(生物素) 微克

维生素B9(叶酸) 11 微克

维生素B12 微克

维生素B14(甜菜碱) 毫克

 

氨基酸

亮氨酸 毫克

蛋氨酸 毫克

苏氨酸 毫克

赖氨酸 毫克

色氨酸 毫克

缬氨酸 毫克

组氨酸 毫克

异亮氨酸 毫克

苯丙氨酸 毫克

Nutrition Facts List for Lemons

[Nutrition content per 100g]

 

basic nutrition

Energy 37 kcal

Protein 1.1 g

Fat 1.2 g

Carbohydrates 6.2 g

Crude Fiber 1.3 g

 

lipids

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids 0.011 g

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids 0.089 g

Polyunsaturated fatty acids as a percentage of total fatty acids 64 %

trans fatty acid grams

Trans fatty acids as % of total fatty acids

Cholesterol mg

Plant sterols mg

Carotene 4 mcg

Lutein 31 mcg

Lycopene mcg

 

minerals

Calcium 101 mg

Magnesium 37 mg

Sodium 1.1 mg

Potassium 209 mg

Phosphorus 22 mg

Sulfur 0.01 mg

Chlorine 1.7 mg

Iron 0.8 mg

Iodine mcg

Zinc 0.65 mg

Selenium 0.5 mcg

Copper 0.14 mg

Manganese 0.05 mg

Fluorine micrograms

 

vitamins

Vitamin A 6.6 mcg

Vitamin C 22 mg

Vitamin D mcg

Vitamin E 1.14 mg

Vitamin K mcg

Vitamin P (flavonoids) 54.3 mg

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) 0.05 mg

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 0.02 mg

Vitamin B3 (niacin) 0.6 mg

Vitamin B4 (choline) 5.1 mg

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) 0.19 mg

Vitamin B6 0.08 mg

Vitamin B7 (Biotin) mcg

Vitamin B9 (folic acid) 11 mcg

Vitamin B12 mcg

Vitamin B14 (betaine) mg

 

amino acid

Leucine mg

Methionine mg

Threonine mg

Lysine mg

Tryptophan mg

Valine mg

Histidine mg

Isoleucine mg

Phenylalanine mg


感谢神!